Documents Used in Sea Freight

Shipping, also known as shipping, is a vital component of global trade and logistics. The smooth and efficient transportation of goods across oceans requires a well-organized documentation system to ensure that cargo is properly transported, accounted for, and delivered to its intended destination. In this article, we will examine the basic documents used in maritime transport, each of which plays an important role in facilitating international transport and ensuring the integrity of the supply chain.

From bills of lading serving as proof of a shipping contract to cargo manifests detailing the contents of each container, these documents provide a comprehensive overview of the cargo, its journey and compliance with international regulations. Understanding the purpose and importance of these documents is vital for everyone involved in the shipping industry, from shippers to buyers, from freight forwarders to customs officers. Join us as we explore the world of shipping documents and reveal their importance in the global movement of goods by sea.

What are the Documents Used in Sea Freight?

Maritime transport is one of the most important components of the worldwide transport of goods, and a set of documents is required for the smooth operation of this complex process. Here are the basic documents commonly used in maritime transport:

1. Konşimento (Bill of Lading - B/L): Bill of Lading is the most important document of maritime transport. This document is issued by the transport company and specifies the contract of carriage and ownership of the goods shipped. It also includes the quantity, type, packaging and conditions of transport of the goods. A bill of lading is a legal contract of carriage for both the carrier and the consignee.
2. Export Invoice (Commercial Invoice): The export invoice contains the value, quantity and other business information of the goods shipped. This document is used for customs clearance and payment terms.
3. Shipping Instructions: A transport order is a document sent by the consignor or consignee to the transport company containing instructions on how to transport the goods. This determines which port or delivery point the cargo should be delivered to.
4. Insurance Certificate: The insurance policy is used to receive compensation in case of damage or loss of goods during transportation. Required for insurance transactions.
5. Shipper's Declaration: This document is completed by the consignor and verifies that the consigned goods were transported correctly and safely. It can be requested by the customs and transport company.
6. Import and Export Licenses: Some countries require special permits or licenses for the import or export of certain goods. These documents are issued and required by the relevant government authorities.

7. Transport Plan (Cargo Manifest): The transport plan is a document detailing the ship's cargo and the contents of each container. This is important for customs clearance and the safety of the cargo.
8. Delivery Order: A delivery order is a document used by the buyer or importer to receive the goods. It usually arranges delivery at the port or warehouse.

These documents are essential for the smooth and reliable operation of the maritime transport process. Each document has its own specific function and must be prepared in accordance with international transport rules and local laws. It is important that all parties involved in maritime transport fully understand the necessity and importance of these documents.

Why Sea Freight?

High Capacity: Maritime transport is capable of handling large volumes of cargo. Large ships and container ships can carry tons of cargo at the same time.

Lower costs: It is generally an economical option when compared. The use of large-capacity vessels reduces the cost per transport unit.

Facilitates International Trade: Sea transportation is one of the main transportation methods of international trade. Ports connect international trade and the global economy.

Environmental Sustainability: Sea transport is a more environmentally friendly option than other modes of transport. The carrying capacity of larger ships results in less fuel consumption per ton and reduces the carbon footprint.

Reliability and Regularity: Maritime transport is built on a regular and reliable schedule. Certain routes and cruises are run according to scheduled time slots.